Note – Sadi Carnot
1 2024-12-09T14:15:46-05:00 Matt Robertshaw b17ae2d86131f0de10f5609f41b12fea9cbbd232 143 2 plain 2024-12-09T14:16:49-05:00 Matt Robertshaw b17ae2d86131f0de10f5609f41b12fea9cbbd232This page is referenced by:
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2024-12-03T13:30:14-05:00
"News & Events"
30
In brief: Elections in Brazil – Missionary arrived in France – Shipwreck in Japan – President on vacation – Fundraiser for disaster victims – Dispute over a theatre box – Toasts at the anti-slavery congress – Monetary conference in Washington – Charles Canivet is improving – Spanish popular support for Portuguese sovereignty – New talent at the Colonial School – Support from a Guadeloupean senator – Copyright news in Switzerland – A new English ship – Statue of Berlioz – Company that helps the superstitious – Beards on magistrates – Obituaries
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2024-12-19T13:14:55-05:00
09-24-1890
Rio de Janeiro
17 September—The Brazilian Legation in Paris received from Mr. Bocaynra, minister of foreign affairs, the following telegraph:
The elections just took place in an orderly manner, assuring the government by the majority. The new institutions have been ratified by popular suffrage.Marseille
19 September—Mgr. Livinhac, vicar apostolic of Uganda and pioneer of Christian civilization in the heart of Africa, arrived in France by way of Zanzibar.
The eminent prelate is the right hand man of Cardinal Lavigerie. He is bringing fourteen young Blacks with him, who are destined to study medicine.Shipwreck
Yokohama, 20 September—The Turkish warship Ertuğrul was lost near Kobe. The vice-admiral Osman-Pacha and 587 officers and sailors perished; 66 were saved.
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Mr. and Mrs. Carnot are on holiday in Fontainebleau. The president of the French Republic will return to Elysée on the 10th of October.
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Thursday 2 October, the Comédie Française will reprise a matinée of La Fille de Roland for the benefit of the victims in Fort-de-France and Saint-Etienne.
Mr. Herni de Bornier wrote a play in verse entitled For the Victims for the occasion.Tuesdays at the Français
The incident regarding the theatre box given over to President Carnot was handled with great tact by Mr. Jules Claretie.
The princess had not been aware that the President of the Republic remained the holder of the proscenium and that his theatre box could be taken up every Tuesday by its tenant. The right of the Head of State is absolute and should elicit no comment.
The administrator of the Comédie-Française put his own box up for the Princess of Sagan to use, and Tuesdays will remain... Tuesdays, as in the past.
It is thus that one can say, while speaking of Mrs. Carnot:
"Nothing has changed at the Théâtre Français, there is just one more great lady."
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At the banquet offered to the delegates of the International Anti-Slavery Congress yesterday, Mr Keller—who presided over the Congress and the banquet with praiseworthy tact—called for the kindest toast to the Republic of Haiti and to its modest representative.
Mr. Benito Sylvain replied to the amiable and eminent orator. He thanked and congratulated the Congress for the splendid results obtained, and drank to Europe the civilizer.
Other toasts were made by the German delegates to Mr. Keller, the likeable president, by Mr. de Vogüé to the English representatives—Mr. Allen replied—and by Mr. Lefèvre-Pontalis, who had kind and warm words for the members of the press.
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A Congress will be held in Washington, next January, in order to choose a monetary unit for the American states. Mr. Blaine, secretary of Congress, is proposing the decimal system which, it seems, has great chances of being adopted.
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Note: A lovely article by Mr. Charles Canivet (Jean de Nivelles) appeared in the Soleil of 25 September about African slavery. We hope that Jean de Nivelles is able to stay on this good path.
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While a crisis is breaking out in Portugal, a divers group of Republican has decided to stage a demonstration in Madrid in favour of Portuguese territorial integrity and the sovereignty of Portugal in the face of a nation that is violently threatening it without any respect for its rights.
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As can be read in the Paix:Mr. Léon de Rosny, the eminent professor at the École des Hauts-Études, has just been named a member of the Administrative Council of the École Coloniale.
This choice honours both Mr. de Rosny and Mr. Etienne, undersecretary of the Colonies, who has gained a useful collaborator.
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We greatly appreciate Senator Isaac who wrote words of praise about us in the Liberté Coloniale, regarding the founding of La Fraternité.
We are happy and proud to have deserved such encouragements from an eminent man, who is certainly one of the glories of our race.
===Against the rights of the author
A campaign is being prepared, in Switzerland, against the rights of the author. The municipal music committee of Bern has just launched a call to all the Swiss musical societies to organize a mass petitioning of the Federal Council to denounce the Franco-Swiss literary convention of 1882. They are asking for a new convention that would more effectively take into consideration the interests and the traditional activities of Swiss musical societies. More than sixty societies have already signed the petition.A Monster Sailboat
The English have just launched, in Glasgow, a merchant sailboat made entirely of iron, which has five masts and can carry 6,100 tonnes.
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The inauguration of the statue Berlioz, the famous composer, will take place on Sunday 28 September at La-Côte-Saint-André (Isère).To Avoid the Number 13
Decidedly, Americans have an unimaginable knack for making money anywhere from anything. One of them has established in Paris, in the Chausée d'Antin neighbourhood, an office where one can find people of a distinguished appearance and proper attire to fulfill the function of the fourteenth at the table and to replace, at the appointed time, the guest whose forced absence or departure obliges the guests to be reduced to a number that is vexing for people inclined to superstition.
It seems that this agency is working wonderfully and that they have already earned a considerable sum.Wearing a Beard
It is rumoured that the rule in France that authorizes magistrates to wear beards may be modified.
Next, moustaches will be forbidden.
===Obituaries
Jeanne Samary, the incomparable maidservant of the Comédie-Française, has died in her thirty-third year, from typhoid fever. She had a talent that was becoming more robust and more savoury with each new creation.
Jeanne Samary first appeared in the Français on 24 August 1864 in Tartuffe, and she was seen for the last time on the 1st of September 1890 in Monde où l'on s'ennuie. She had, to the same superior degree, the classic and the contemporary gift. Dorine, Nicolle, Lisette, Toinon, Suzanne, Maguelonne were just some of her unforgettable incarnations.
She was a complete actress: she had both laughs and tears, and her tears were as contagious as her laughs. In rehearsals, it seems, everyone cried when they saw her crying.
The death of this wonderful artist It is a great loss for the house of Molière. She will be very difficult to replace.
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The funeral for the great member of the Comédie-Français took place the next day, at noon, at the Saint-Roch church. Many were in attendance. Pall bearers included Messrs. Jules Claretie, of the Académie Française, administrator of the Théâtre-Française; Got, doyen of the Comédie-Française; Febvre, Mounet-Sully, Worms and Laroche, members.
During the subdued mass, the excellent master of the parish executed different morsels, notably Kyrie by Mieder-Meyer; Messrs. Charon and Duc, of the Opéra, magisterially sang Sleeman's Miserere and Stradella's Pic Jesus, respectively; finally, Chopin's Funeral March, performed on the harp , produced a gripping and painful effect in the nave of the great church, which was entirely hung with sombre draperies.
The burial took place in the Passy cemetery. Before the tomb was closed, amid the pain of all and dominating their own emotion with great force, Messrs. Larroumet, direct of the Beaux-Arts, and Jules Claretie came to say a final and touching adieu to the incomparable actress and the accomplished woman.---
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2024-11-26T14:56:17-05:00
"News & Rumours"
24
News in brief: Reception for Mexican independence day – Change in the theatre program – Edgar La Selve given new role – Canadian bishop left Paris – Lavigerie arrived in Paris – Tension between Portugal and Great Britain in Lisbon – Cholera – Smallpox –Execution by electrocution in the United States – Crisis in Argentina – Freemasons against Boulangism – American swimmer in the Thames – The Prime Meridian – Religion in Alsace – Dahomey inquiry – European market proposal – New book by General Légitime
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2024-12-19T13:17:28-05:00
09-16-1890
Translation:A brilliant reception took place last night at the Mexican Legation, where Mr. Gonzalo Baz held "a tea" for the notables of the diplomatic corps and the elites of Parisian society, in celebration of the anniversary of the proclamation of Mexican independence, which coincides with that of the birth of General Porfirio Díaz, president of Mexico.
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The select day, at the Comédie française will soon be changed, it seems. Saturday will be adopted instead of Tuesday. This resolution was taken at the instigation of the princess of Sagan, for whom the direction of the Français saw itself forced to pull down the proscenium that she occupied on the Tuesday, this space having be reclaimed for this date by the president of the Republic.
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Our fellow, Mr. Edgar La Selve of "the Society of Men of Letters, study traveller, director of the Revue Exotique Illustré, officer of the Academy since 1880," has just been promoted, by the decree of 28 July last, as Officer of Public Instruction.
Mr. Edgar La Selve, who is well known in Haiti, is the author or Exotic Novels, such as Fleurs des Tropiques and... General Cocoyo.
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Mgr. Labelle, the likeable bishop of Canada, left Paris on the 3rd of September, after a stay of ten months in France, to return directly to Quebec where he has been recalled for reasons of service.
===Cardinal Lavigerie in Paris
His Eminence the Cardinal Lavigerie arrived last night in Paris, coming from Algiers via Bordeaux where he spent the day on Sunday.
The prelate has come to preside over the Antislavery Congress, which will open, as we have said, on the 22nd of this month.
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A dispatch from Lisbon says the population is uneasy at the presence of an English ship in the waters of the Tagus. Some soldiers and sailors of the crew went ashore when they had to quickly reembark, pursued by cries and insults against England.
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Cholera is still striking Spain. On the 12th, 61 cases and 30 deaths were reported in the provinces of Albacete, Alicante, Badajoz, Tarragona, Toledo and Valencia.
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Smallpox is spreading through all of the quarters of Madrid. Since the 1st of September... the number of cases varies between 22 and 40 per day; the average number of deaths is 6. The sickness mainly hits children and adults of the poor classes.
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A second execution with electricity has been in announced in the United States. Kemmler's successor is a Japanese named Shubuna-Jugiros, who was condemned to death for murder. His lawyer, invoking the dismal precedent of this mode of execution, demanded the writ of habeas corpus, but his request was rejected because of a decision that the Supreme Court that had declared electrocution legal.
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Buenos Aires, 13 September. A ministerial crisis broke out in La Plata.
===Excommunication
The Council of the Paris order of Freemasons voted, in its last session, an agenda that calls for the expulsion of the Brethren who cooperated in the direction of the Boulangist movement, particularly Brother Laguerre and all the others, deputies and senators, who gave their support to the Boulangist committees.
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The famous American swimmer Dalton, in the presence of a large crowd of curious onlookers and fans, swam down the Thames, from Blackwall to Gravesend, doing the backstroke. The trip was accomplished in six hours and a few minutes. On coming out of the water, Dalton did not seem tired in the least.
===Unique Prime Meridian
An international scientific congress will soon take place in Rome, for the adoption of a unique prime meridian and a universal time. On the advice of the Academy of Bologna, which has considered the question at length, the meridian of Jerusalem will be proposed.
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In a relative large number of villages in Alsace, the similtaneum is practiced, which is to say Catholicism and Protestantism are celebrated in the same building. This custom will cease.
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Mr. Siciliano, whose important declarations we read above, was called to Paris by the government, which wants to know more details about the revelations he made about Dahomey.
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Many Jewish communities in the United States, to show their broadmindedness and to put themselves into social harmony with their compatriots, transferred their weekly day of rest from Saturday to Sunday.
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Tolstoy, the great Russian writer, is gravely ill. We fear it might be the end.
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Rome, 12 September – The Pope approved the idea of organizing, in the Vatican in 1893, on the occasion of his episcopal jubilee, a Universal Exposition of works done by Catholic workers throughout the world.
===Economic War
In a Congress held in Vienna, a proposition of a European customs union has just been made to respond, in an energetic and effective matter, to the protectionist measures taken by the United States. An economic war is beginning between the old and the new continent.
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We would like to announce the publication of a book that General Légitime is in the process of correcting the final proofs, and which is entitled History of the Government of General Légitime, President of the Republic of Haiti. Interviewed on this subject, General Légitime declared that he ha no intention of entering into militant politics, but that he only wanted to provide a document for history.
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2024-12-10T13:02:15-05:00
Bulletin of Europe and America
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Highlights from international news: French president inspects the troops – England dealing with Irish separatists – Troubles in Germany, Meetings of German, Austrian and Saxon royals – Political changes in Spain and Italy – Tariffs in the United States
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2024-12-19T13:29:27-05:00
09-30-1890
France
Here, regarding the large manoeuvres of this year, is a rather important fact and one that received much comment in the press and in the political or other circles:
The President of the French Republic, to close the great manoeuvres in the north, personally went to review the two army corps near Cambrai.
Instead of going up onto a platform and watching the troops file past, he took a seat in a carriage pulled by a military team of six horses mounted by artillerymen.
At is right door and at its left rode a military general, the commanders of the army corps, swords unsheathed.
Behind came foreign officers on horseback, and the whole procession was escorted by cuirassiers.
It was in this company that Mr. Carnot passed in front of the troops, as they saluted their superior officers and saluting the flags that were inclined there, while the drummers battered in the field and the troops presented their arms.
It was the first time that the President of the Republic acted as head of the army.
Nothing like it has been seen before. The French army has been inspected by kings and emperors who, by fiction or by reality, belonged to him and who wore the uniform. The soldier, who does not understand abstract things, needs to have the concrete image of the fatherland in front of his eyes, incarnated in a man whom he can see and for whom he can be enthusiastic.
And then, above the generals, there must be someone to fear enough that it forced them to forget their professional rivalries and to devote themselves to the common safety, that they may purchase this safety at the price of the glory of a comrade or even the price of their own erasure.
An army thus needs a supreme chief, even when that chief is not able to personally direct its operations.
That is why Mr. Carnot carried out this review.
As a black suit cuts a miserable figure among the bright uniforms of the officers, the multicoloured ambassador's uniform of was proposed as the official outfit. Other ask why the President of the Republic would not be a lieutenant-colonel of one of the cavalry regiments of the territorial army, and they suggest the adoption of a uniform of this rank.
===England
The parliamentary vacation is nearing its end, the ministers are returning to London, and will soon hold the first cabinet sessions.
It is known that the bill for facilitating the purchase of landed property in Ireland and the draft bill on the payment of the tithe in the country will occupy the attention of the English parliament when it reconvenes.
On a trip to Ireland, undertaken to make an inquiry of the plague that is currently desolating that poor country, Mr. Jackson, secretary of the treasury, declared that he was so profoundly struck by everything he had seen that he would do everything in his power to bring relief to the sufferings of the population.
Mr. Balfour, the Chief Secretary for Ireland, ordered the arrest, on the 19th of this month, of Messrs. Dillon and O'Brien, Irish members of the English Parliament, on the accusation of having taken part in a conspiracy whose goal was to prevent tenants from paying their rent. The interest of this arrest, it is said, is the following: Messrs. Dillon and O'Brien were going to leave soon for the United States where they planned to launch a crusade in order to raise funds from the numerous Irish people residing in America to support their brothers in Europe. The well known oratory talent of the two deputies makes one believe that their mission would have met success, and the government wanted to prevent these adversaries from procuring the sinews of war.
===Germany
if it is to be judge by the terror that it has provoked in the German bourgeoisie, the socialist movement has gained immense ground since the fall of Mr. de Bismarck. The conservative press thinks and says that if the socialist propaganda is not energetically opposed by all legal and other means, it will become henceforth impossible to staunch the curb and all the more to stop it.
The German leading classes would have to sustain a shock no less terrible than the cataclysm of 89 in France. The leaders of the disturbance will themselves be overwhelmed as soon as they try to moderate.
Young emperor Wilhelm II, who remains dead calm in terror, will get more than he bargained for, as there will soon be a ruckus in his kingdom.
The diplomatic corps accredited to Berlin can boast of General Caprivi and do not seem miss his predecessor particularly. It would be premature to pass a complete judgement on the statesman, since he has only just started, and he had probably not come close to reaching his full potential. But between his allure and that of Mr. de Bismarck, we confirm that there is an abyss. Bismarck only ever spoke in his own name, the words of the Emperor never came out of his mouth; everything emanated from the chancellor, everything returned to him.
With General de Caprivi, it is quite different. He is nothing but the organ of the imperial will, and he has not other mission but to explain it, to make it respected and to execute it. He declares it, he proclaims it, for that matter, without embarrassment and without reservation.
—The Emperor of Germany, the Emperor of Austria and the King of Saxony gathered on the 20th at Liegnitz.
The three sovereigns, General de Caprivi and the Count of Kalnoki attended the military demonstrations.
Wilhelm II expressed the hope that the emperor of Austria would be convinced that the German army has maintained under his direction the qualities that it had under Wilhelm I. He added that this was a guarantee of the solidity and the power of the alliance that existed between the armies of the two empires.
The emperor of Austria replied that he was proud to have an ally who possessed such an army.
And they drank a bock... to peace!
===Spain
According to Mr. Sagasta, the former President of the Council, resigned for a few months, a change in the ministry in Spain will have no effect on its foreign policy, since the Spanish people will not allow it. All of the parties are unanimous in declaring that the only foreign policy to follow is: benevolent and friendly neutrality for all and affection for France.
There was a question of the German emperor traveling to Madrid. All capitals (Paris itself, who knows?) can hope for a visit from the young and energetic sovereign. But whatever the ministry in power, Wilhelm II will be received with the same regard and the same reservation in Spain.
The liberal party is reforming itself and fortifying as the opposition. It is confirmed that the queen, in the latest ministerial changes, was guided by totally political factors. She believed it was necessary to resuscitate the conservative party—to which, by the way, the monarchy owes its restoration—to give it a bit of vigour, to assure regular processes in maintaining constitutional institutions. The throne will be, indeed, less solid if the liberals had no other adversaries but the republicans.
===Italy
There is much talk about the possibility of a cabinet shuffle. Many towns not being in agreement with the royalties due to the excise office, the government proceeded for its part for the payment of these rights, which gave rise to much discontent.
The republican idea is gaining ground day by day, and socialism is extending the reach of its agitation. Lombardy, Piedmont, Veneto and Tuscany have been won over to the cause; Rome is getting closer and closer, particularly since the municipal affair, Sicily is being worked on. There is hardly anything but the former kingdom of Naples that to impose a force of inertia on the propaganda of the socialist campaign. Under this clear sky, the populations remain indifferent to politics.
===United States
The Senate of the United States definitively voted for the McKinley Tariff, after having added ultra-protectionist amendments to the text adopted by Congress.
Already the effects of the coming tariff are being felt in the financial and commercial world of New York, one counts on the effect of the withdrawal of money that will operate to acquit the rights on commodities imported in bulk or pulled from the custom duty depots before the application of the new tariff.
The customs collector in New York estimate the necessary sums at 45 million francs, and that only to acquit the rights on merchandise stored before the first days of September.
The banks in which the cash reserves are quite low, find themselves in a difficult position. The discount is up to 6% plus 1/2% commission. The overdraft loans are made at the usurious rate of 25 to 30%. The titles having been thrown en masse into the market, their prices fell prodigiously.
The Secretary of the Treasury is preoccupied with this situation. -
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2024-11-08T11:52:57-05:00
"Reception of the Minister Plenipotentiary of France by the Haitian Government"
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The new French minister to Haiti is received in Port-au-Prince.
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2024-12-26T08:52:32-05:00
Translation:
Monsieur Maurice Ernest Flesch, on submitting on the 7th of August to President Hyppolite, his letters from the President of the French Republic accrediting him as Extraordinary Envoy and Minister Plenipotentiary to the government of Haiti, gave the following speech:Mister President
I have the honour to submit to your Excellency letters from the President of the French Republic accrediting me as Extraordinary Envoy and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Republic of Haiti, the Nation whose votes have called you, Mister President, to occupy the top authority.
Inspired by the sentiments that animate the French Government, I will apply myself to further strengthening, in the interest of the development of the prosperity of both countries, cordial and long-lasting relations, and I am counting on the benevolent support of your Excellency as well as the friendly cooperation of his Government, to help me to pursue this task, in a fruitful and effective manner.
I am glad, for that matter, to have been designated by the confidence of the President of the French Republic to represent France in a country that is so similar to ours in terms of language and institutions, in a way that produces mutual sympathies.
Allow me the opportunity to respectfully offer to your Excellency my sincere expressions of hopes that I am forming for his person and for the Haitian nation.The President responded to this speech in the following terms:
Mister Minister,
It is with great pleasure that I receive the letters from his Excellency the President of the French Republic, that accredit you as Extraordinary Envoy and Minister Plenipotentiary of the French Republic to the Republic of Haiti of which I occupy the top authority.
I have never doubted the good wishes of the French Government, though it still gives me infinite pleasure to receive this new assurance from you.
It is my conviction, Mister Minister, that your presence at the head of the French legation is a pledge of harmony and of cordial relations between our two countries. The reputation of loyalty, of uprightness and sincerity that proceeded you here is a sure guarantee for me. You can also count fully on my willingness to facilitate your task in any way that I can.
We do not have much to do in order to succeed in strengthening the ties of good friendship that unite Haiti to France. As you have said well, there is between us a conformity of language and institutions which can only lead to mutual sympathies. What nature and history have done, it will only be consolidated by our common willingness.
I accept with all my heart the good wishes you are forming for my person and for the Haitian nation. I would be bursting with happiness if Heaven, in granting your wishes, also protects His Excellency President Carnot and the valiant French Nation.Except from the Moniteur,
Official newspaper of Haiti
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2024-12-10T13:03:07-05:00
News & Rumours
11
In brief: Cardinal Lavigerie's activities after the Anti-Slavery Congress – Haiti's ex-president left for Jamaica – Attempted attack on the Mexican president – Switzerland recognized the Republic of Brazil – Anti-English demonstrations in Portugal – Haiti's Minister in Spain visiting Paris – Congratulations to La Fraternité – An eye operation – New treaty negotiation over Africa – A theatre troupe's travels – Date set for the Chambers' return – Protectionism in Argentina – New deadline for trade deals with USA – Copyright conference – Marriage of Dumas fils's daughter
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2024-12-20T13:15:32-05:00
09-30-1890
Carinal Lavigerie remained in the country for a few days in order to have an audience with the President of the Republic. The audience took place last Saturday the 27th. Mr. Carnot caught the prelate for lunch. Mgr. Livinhac accompanied the venerable primate of Africa.
The President and Mrs. Carnot gave the cardinal the most friendly welcome. After the lunch, Mr. Carnot held back the prelate and spoke with him for an hour.
Mgr. Lavigerie left the President to receive the curate and the clergy of Fontainebleau. Then he was keen to visit the palace apartments that Pope Pius VII had occupied.
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Mgr. Lavigerie is expected to travel to Rome, by way of Mont-Cenis. His Eminence will report to Pope Leo XIII about the recent Anti-Slavery Congress and introduce him to the fourteen young converts of Uganda.
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General Légitime has embarked for Kingston (Jamaica).
===New York
26 September — An employee of the railroad on arriving from Mexico announced that President Porfirio Diaz was the target of an attack during the celebration of the national holiday in Mexico, on the 11th. Gunshots were fired at the president while he was on the balcony of the palace where the crowd was cheering for him. Forty people were implicated in the affair, fifteen arrested.
The Mexican legation in Paris received a telegram authorizing them to deny the news.
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The Swiss have just officially recognized the Republic of Brazil.
===In Portugal
The effervescence against the English is increasing day by day. The statue of Camoëns was covered with a mourning veil to mark the humiliation inflicted upon Portugal. Many revolutionary demonstrations took place in Lisbon, with cries of: Down with the monarchy! Down with the king! The country is in complete agitation.
==The Haitian Legation in Madrid
We had the opportunity to chat with Mr. Desroches, our Minister resident in Madrid, who is currently in Paris.
He had nothing but good things to say about the welcome he received in the Madrilene court, which he described in charming detail.
It may not be a bad idea to extend our relations in that direction, in order to open new outlets for our commodities, which obtain—coffee in particular—in some Spanish towns, higher prices than in Le Havre.
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We have received many letters of congratulations regarding the founding of La Fraternité. It is with the most lively gratitude that we thank in particular Professor Puget and the Reverend Fathers Taragnat and Le Douarin for the noble sentiments they expressed.
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Our kind compatriot Senator Montasse has just had an at-home operation on a pinguiecula he had in his eye. This delicate operation succeeded perfectly and, thanks to cocaine, he did not feel the slightest pain.
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The Italian government has tasked Count Antonelli and Messrs. Filomardi, former consul at Zanzibar, and Silvestrelly to represent it in the negotiations that have begun regarding the delineation of English territory in Africa.
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The Coquelin-Judic tour arrived on the 26th at Bordeaux, returning from America.
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The reconvening of the French Chambers has been set for 20 October.
===Argentine Republic
According to the information from Bueno Aires it is believed that we can confirm that measures will be taken to protect the national industry against foreign competition, and that the rights of customs duties in the Argentine Republic will be augmented significantly as of next January.
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The period during which foreign governments can conclude reciprocal arrangements with the United States, for the free importation into their countries of American agricultural products, was extended to 1 January 1892.
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An international conference for literary and artistic property will take place in London in the first days of October.
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The marriage of Miss Jeanne Dumas and Mr. d'Hauterive has been scheduled for the 9th of October, at Marly-le-Roi.
Mgr. d'Hulst will give the nuptial blessing to the young couple.
Gounod will play the harmonium on that day at the little church of Marly.
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